Welcome to the Linux Kernel Archives. This is the primary site for the Linux kernel source, but it has much more than just Linux kernels.
Protocol | Location |
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HTTP | http://www.kernel.org/pub/ |
FTP | ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/ |
RSYNC | rsync://rsync.kernel.org/pub/ |
The latest stable version of the Linux kernel is: | 2.6.13.4 | 2005-10-10 19:26 UTC | F | V | VI | C | Changelog |
The latest prepatch for the stable Linux kernel tree is: | 2.6.14-rc4 | 2005-10-11 01:33 UTC | V | VI | C | Changelog | |
The latest snapshot for the stable Linux kernel tree is: | 2.6.14-rc4-git7 | 2005-10-19 09:01 UTC | V | C | |||
The latest 2.4 version of the Linux kernel is: | 2.4.31 | 2005-06-01 00:57 UTC | F | V | VI | C | Changelog |
The latest prepatch for the 2.4 Linux kernel tree is: | 2.4.32-rc1 | 2005-09-22 23:32 UTC | V | VI | C | Changelog | |
The latest 2.2 version of the Linux kernel is: | 2.2.26 | 2004-02-25 00:28 UTC | F | V | Changelog | ||
The latest prepatch for the 2.2 Linux kernel tree is: | 2.2.27-rc2 | 2005-01-12 23:55 UTC | V | VI | Changelog | ||
The latest 2.0 version of the Linux kernel is: | 2.0.40 | 2004-02-08 07:13 UTC | F | V | VI | Changelog | |
The latest -ac patch to the stable Linux kernels is: | 2.6.11-ac7 | 2005-04-11 18:36 UTC | V | ||||
The latest -mm patch to the stable Linux kernels is: | 2.6.14-rc4-mm1 | 2005-10-16 21:54 UTC | V | Changelog |
F = full source, V = view patch,
VI = view incremental, C = current changesets
Changelogs are provided by the kernel authors directly. Please
don't write the webmaster about them.
Customize the patch viewer
Site News |
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May 12, 2005: There is now an RSS feed available to track the latest kernel versions. Have fun! |
Apr 9, 2005: Both the new servers are now in full production use. Each is connected to a separate ISC gigabit link. Enjoy! |
Apr 4, 2005:
We are in the process of cutting over to new server hardware, graciously donated by
Hewlett-Packard. We have now deployed the first
of two separate
Proliant DL585
quad Opteron servers, each with 24 GB of RAM and 10 TB of disk. Huge thanks to HP!
Please report any problems to the usual place. Hopefully the new gear should give much, much better performance. |
Nov 18, 2004: This page is finally valid xhtml 1.0 transitional, thanks mostly to html tidy. |
May 26, 2004: vsftpd is now serving ftp... We should have done this sooner... |
May 24, 2004: Linux 2.6 is now serving this page... |
ISC has upgraded our outbound connection to 1000 Mbit/s. Thanks! |
December 4, 2003: kernel.org is now running Apache 2! Happy Holidays. :) |
August 21, 2003: Please don't use finger.kernel.org for any sort of automatic monitoring. The number of automatic bots hitting this port is causing the finger daemon to shut down more often than not. The same information is available from http://www.kernel.org/kdist/finger_banner. |
The people at AmNet Computers have been nice enough to replace our internal master server for us. Thanks guys! |
Please note that kernel.org uses Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN), as defined in RFC 3168. Some broken firewalls or gateways may have problem connecting to ECN-enabled servers. Please contact your firewall or gateway vendor for necessary updates. |
To improve access for everyone, a number of sites around the world have provided mirrors of this site, which may be faster to use than the master archive itself. Please see http://www.kernel.org/mirrors/ for information about how to connect to a participating mirror site.
To guard against Trojan mirror sites, all files originating at the Linux Kernel Archives are cryptographically signed. If you are getting a message that the verification key has expired, please see this link.
Linux is a clone of the operating system Unix, written from scratch by Linus Torvalds with assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers across the Net. It aims towards POSIX and Single UNIX Specification compliance.
It has all the features you would expect in a modern fully-fledged Unix, including true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand loading, shared copy-on-write executables, proper memory management, and multistack networking including IPv4 and IPv6.
Although originally developed first for 32-bit x86-based PCs (386 or higher), today Linux also runs on (at least) the Compaq Alpha AXP, Sun SPARC and UltraSPARC, Motorola 68000, PowerPC, PowerPC64, ARM, Hitachi SuperH, IBM S/390, MIPS, HP PA-RISC, Intel IA-64, DEC VAX, AMD x86-64, AXIS CRIS, and Renesas M32R architectures.
Linux is easily portable to most general-purpose 32- or 64-bit architectures as long as they have a paged memory management unit (PMMU) and a port of the GNU C compiler (gcc) (part of The GNU Compiler Collection, GCC). Linux has also been ported to a number of architectures without a PMMU, although functionality is then obviously somewhat limited. See the µClinux project for more info.
If you're new to Linux, you don't want to download the kernel, which is just a component in a working Linux system. Instead, you want what is called a distribution of Linux, which is a complete Linux system. There are numerous distributions available for download on the Internet as well as for purchase from various vendors; some are general-purpose, and some are optimized for specific uses. We currently have mirrors of several distributions available at mirrors.kernel.org, as well as a small collection of special-purpose distributions at http://www.kernel.org/pub/dist/.
Note, however, that most distributions are very large, so unless you have a very fast Internet link you may want to save yourself some hassle and purchase a CD-ROM with a distribution; such CD-ROMs are available from a number of vendors.
The Linux Installation HOWTO has more information how to set up your first Linux system.
There is much information about Linux on the web.
Please see http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html if you want to report a Linux kernel bug. Bug reports sent to the kernel.org administrators will be ignored.
There is now a bugzilla setup at bugzilla.kernel.org. Currently this is for reporting kernel version 2.6 bugs only.
The Linux kernel is discussed on the linux-kernel mailing list at vger.kernel.org. The FAQ is available at http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/, please read the FAQ before subscribing.
Although there is no official archive site, unofficial archives of the list can be found at:
and a summary service can be found at:
The Linux kernel, as well as several other pieces of software, are maintained using the git source code control system. For a more user-friendly wrapper around git, see Cogito.
See http://www.kernel.org/git for a list of git repositories on kernel.org.
Due to U.S. Exports Regulations, all cryptographic software on this site is subject to the following legal notice:
This site includes publicly available encryption source code which, together with object code resulting from the compiling of publicly available source code, may be exported from the United States under License Exception "TSU" pursuant to 15 C.F.R. Section 740.13(e).
This legal notice applies to cryptographic software only. Please see the Bureau of Industry and Security for more information about current U.S. regulations.
Our servers are located in Santa Clara, Palo Alto and San Francisco, California, USA; use in violation of any applicable laws is prohibited.
The continued freedom to create and use free software is always in danger. Unfortunately, some interests seem to use the tragic events of September 11, 2001 as an excuse for wide-ranging infringement on civil liberties, some of which may threaten the very ability to create free software at all.
Please refer to the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Center for Democracy and Technology or the Electronic Privacy Information Center for more information.
For comments about the web pages, please send mail to webmaster@kernel.org.
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Please do not send general Linux questions or bug reports to these addresses. We do not have the resources to reply to them. If your message does not relate to the operation of the Linux Kernel Archives, it will be deleted without action. Because of the volume of unsolicited email we receive, please add [KORG] to the subject to avoid accidental deletion. Additionally, any Content-Type other than text/plain will most likely be deleted without action.
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Linux is a Registered Trademark of Linus Torvalds.
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